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Woodcraft Folk is a UK-based educational movement for children and young people. Founded in 1925 it has been a registered charity since 1965〔http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/Showcharity/RegisterOfCharities/RemovedCharityMain.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=306147&SubsidiaryNumber=0 Registered Charity between 1965 and 1999〕〔http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/Showcharity/RegisterOfCharities/RemovedCharityMain.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=1073665&SubsidiaryNumber=0 Registered charity details from 1999 to 2013〕〔http://www.charity-commission.gov.uk/Showcharity/RegisterOfCharities/CharityFramework.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=1148195&SubsidiaryNumber=0 Registered Charity since 2013〕 and a registered company limited by guarantee since 2012.〔http://wck2.companieshouse.gov.uk//compdetails Search "Woodcraft Folk" in company register〕 The constitutional object of this youth organisation is "to educate and empower young people to be able to participate actively in society, improving their lives and others' through active citizenship." ==History== The name 'Woodcraft' was used by the influential writer and naturalist Ernest Thompson Seton at the turn of the 20th century when setting up the American proto-Scouting organisation Woodcraft Indians, and in this context meant the skill of living in the open air, close to nature.〔''Davis, Mary'' (2000) Fashioning a new world, A History of Woodcraft Folk, Holyoake Books, Loughborough. ISBN 0-85195-278-X. pp.14〕 Seton later influenced Baden-Powell and became Chief Scout of the USA. Hargrave admired Seton's work and aimed to revert to it and away from Baden-Powell's influence in founding the Kibbo Kift Kindred. Another pro-Seton breakaway Scout group was the Order of Woodcraft Chivalry, founded slightly earlier in 1916. Whilst sharing many of the same historical roots as the Scouting movement, Woodcraft Folk's direct antecedent was the Kindred of the Kibbo Kift, an organisation led by ex-Scout Commissioner for Woodcraft and Camping John Hargrave, who had broken with what he considered to be the Scouts' militaristic approach in the years immediately after the First World War. Woodcraft Folk was established by Leslie Paul in 1925 after the south London co-operative groups challenged Hargrave's authoritarian tendencies over his refusal to recognise a local group called "The Brockley Thing" and broke away from the Kindred. In its early days it was very similar to the Kibbo Kift, with a strong pagan and anti-capitalist emphasis, but gradually developed its own distinct ethos. In the 1920s and 1930s it had close ties to the Co-operative Societies and to the labour, pacifist, early feminist and trade union movements, which provided a base for recruiting both adults and children and a practical focus which avoided it sharing the fates of the Kibbo Kift and Order of Woodcraft Chivalry, which both became increasingly eccentric and esoteric and were both moribund by the 1950s. The Woodcraft Folk remained mainly based in working-class districts of industrial towns and cities, notably London, Coventry, and Sheffield, and with strong connections to the Co-operative Societies until the 1960s when it began to acquire a larger middle-class membership. During the 1970s to 1990's there was a large increase in new 'districts' (local branches) being founded in suburbs and small towns, some of which were short-lived. Recruitment of new members slowed in the 1990s, apparently due to Scout and Cub groups admitting girls, which removed the Woodcraft Folk's former appeal as the only organisation of its kind welcoming children of both sexes. In the 1990s there was considerable debate within the movement, including over whether to keep or abandon the 'Folk Shirt' (a green overshirt worn with badges) and over the role of camping and other outdoor activities. The Woodcraft Folk had traditionally attached great importance to outdoor activities and to urban children having access to the natural world, but camping has had a more peripheral role in recent years (e.g. it is not mentioned in the 'philosophy' section below). In 2000 Woodcraft Folk developed a birthday logo. There was much argument about which logo should be used on official publications, with the new square logo favoured for a long time by the Head Office. In 2008 Annual Conference Woodcraft Folk voted to stop using the 75th logo and resort only to the round logo on official publications. The history within the labour movement can be seen in the book produced by Woodcraft Folk called ''Fashioning a New World''〔 which it commissioned for its 75th birthday. Other historical references exist, ''Cooperative Banners'' a book available from the Rochdale Pioneers museum contains banners of Woodcraft Folk. Woodcraft Folk historical records are held at the London School of Economics. Much of these archives can be viewed on-line including resources on how to use them for young peoples groups.〔http://heritage.woodcraft.org.uk/〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Woodcraft Folk」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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